Terminologiset sanastot
fi kunta; > kaupunki
sv kommun; > stad
en municipality; local authority; < local government; > city; > town
määritelmä
paikallistasolla toimiva julkisyhteisö, jolla on oma rajattu alueensa ja väestönsä sekä verotusoikeus ja jonka asukkaat valitsevat vaaleilla ylintä päätösvaltaa käyttävän toimielimen
paikallistasolla toimiva julkisyhteisö, jolla on oma rajattu alueensa ja väestönsä sekä verotusoikeus ja jonka asukkaat valitsevat vaaleilla ylintä päätösvaltaa käyttävän toimielimen
huomautus
Suomessa kunnat eivät ole valtion valvonnassa toisin kuin useimmissa muissa maissa.
Suomessa kunnat eivät ole valtion valvonnassa toisin kuin useimmissa muissa maissa.
kaupunki: Kunta voi käyttää nimitystä kaupunki, jos se katsoo täyttävänsä kaupunkimaiselle yhdyskunnalle asetettavat vaatimukset.
Katso myös: kunnallinen itsehallinto, yleinen toimiala ja erityistoimiala
definition
lokalt offentligt samfund som har ett eget avgränsat område och en egen avgränsad befolkning samt beskattningsrätt och vars högsta beslutande organ väljs av invånarna genom val
lokalt offentligt samfund som har ett eget avgränsat område och en egen avgränsad befolkning samt beskattningsrätt och vars högsta beslutande organ väljs av invånarna genom val
anmärkning
I Finland har staten inte tillsyn över kommunerna, vilket är fallet i de flesta andra länder.
I Finland har staten inte tillsyn över kommunerna, vilket är fallet i de flesta andra länder.
stad: Kommunen kan använda benämningen stad när den anser sig uppfylla de krav som ställs på ett stadssamhälle.
definition
public entity established at local level with its own territorial limits and population and right to levy taxes and where the residents elect a decision-making body vested with the highest decision-making authority
public entity established at local level with its own territorial limits and population and right to levy taxes and where the residents elect a decision-making body vested with the highest decision-making authority
note
In Finland, unlike many other countries, the municipalities are strongly self-governing, and central government control is limited.
In Finland, unlike many other countries, the municipalities are strongly self-governing, and central government control is limited.
municipality: Generic term used when referring to the organisational units of Finnish local government. These are self-governing units with democratically elected representation. The term is also used in the English names of these units (e.g. Municipality of Inari), unless the municipality chooses to call itself a town or city (e.g. City of Espoo). Since Finland has a single tier system of local government, the terms municipality and local authority are conceptually interchangeable, subject to textual context. Municipality is often preferred where the use of local authority might be misunderstood to mean more generally a 'locally based authority'. The genitive form (kunnan) can often be translated using the adjective 'municipal' or 'local'.
local authority: Generally interchangeable with municipality (though not in names of municipalities), as the municipalities are the only form of local authority in Finland's single tier local government system. Some countries have a two-tier system of local government in which there is also an intermediate level of government between central government and local government. Every local authority in Finland is a municipality, whether or not it chooses to call itself a municipality or a town or city. In Finnish the term kunta is often used when actually referring to ‘kunnan viranomainen’ or municipal authority (i.e. one of the public authorities of the municipality or a municipal decision-making body).
local government: Local government refers collectively to the system of government at local as opposed to central level (for example in the expressions 'central and local government authorities' and 'local government employers'). It is thus a general concept rather than a name for specific organisational units. It can refer to the municipalities collectively (as does 'local authorities'). Normally used instead of 'municipalities' when in juxtaposition with 'central government', for example central government transfers to local government, central government finances and local government finances. Unlike in Finland, in some countries (e.g. the United States), the term local government can refer to a single municipality. Note that Finland also has a local administrative tier within the central government administrative structure, but this constitutes part of central rather than local government and is therefore excluded from the glossary.
city: A municipality may choose to call itself a city (e.g. City of Oulu) if it considers that the requirements for an urban community of this kind are met.
town: A municipality may choose to call itself a town (e.g. Town of Pyhäjärvi) if it considers that the requirements for an urban community of this kind are met.
See also: local self-government, optional functions of a municipality and statutory functions of a municipality
Käsitekaavio: Kuntakonserni.
Begreppsdiagram: Kommunkoncern.
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